Colitis is a pathology associated with an inflammatory process on the mucous membrane of the large intestine. This disease is much more common than gastritis. In almost 70% of all patients, colitis is accompanied by dysbiosis.
Pathology may appear against the background of a tubercle bacillus, infectious diseases. Of no small importance in the formation of pathology is the state of the immune system and the psychoemotional state. Most patients develop food allergies. Often everything ends with a surgical intervention.

Varieties and forms of colitis

There are several types of pathology, depending on the reasons for the appearance:

• Ulcerative. It is characterized by the appearance of ulcers, periodic increases in body temperature and constipation. It can go up to joint pain and spotting.
• Spastic. Usually the appearance of such colitis is associated with stress. It is accompanied by increased flatulence, bloating and pain in the abdomen.
• Pseudomembranous. It can proceed in an acute and mild form, turn into a chronic one. Often accompanied by vomiting, bowel upset.
• Enterocolitis. Symptoms of poisoning often appear.
• Ischemic. Occurs against the background of peritonitis, intestinal obstruction. One of the main symptoms is severe weight loss.

There are several other types, for example, medicinal, associated with the intake of a huge amount of medications. Colitis can occur in acute and chronic form. The latter form is the result of poor nutrition for a long time.

General rules

Colitis can be treated with medication. But along with this, you will have to adjust the diet, since the speed of the patient’s recovery depends on it. In addition to the classic approach to formulating a diet, you should adhere to the following rules:

• no coffee, even with milk;
• strict adherence to the diet;
• the last meal (dinner) should be very light and no later than 8 pm;
• stress must be avoided;
• before a meal, in 15 minutes you need to drink a glass of warm water.

The basic rule is that there should be no foods irritating the intestines in the diet.

Prohibited foods

Regardless of the type of disease, you will have to completely abandon alcohol. It irritates the gastrointestinal tract too much and can provoke a new exacerbation.

You should also exclude:

• soda;
• beans;
• radish and radish;
• sauce;
• fatty fish and meat;
• mushrooms;
• sausages;
• canned food;
• vegetables and fruits, without heat treatment.

In no case should the dishes be seasoned with pepper or fried. We’ll have to give up baked goods and sweets from the store.

Allowed Products

For the first 2-3 days after an exacerbation, you will have to completely abandon food, regardless of the type of pathology. These days they drink a lot of water, it can be tea. Then the patient is transferred to a strict diet, which can last from 14 to 30 days. Only after this, the patient is transferred to a more gentle diet, when it is already possible to eat:

• stewed and boiled vegetables;
• oatmeal and rice porridge;
• boiled fruits;
• fermented milk products, but low-fat, cottage cheese must be ground before use;
• butter;
• boiled eggs, but not more than 1 piece throughout the day;
• pastries and cookies, but in small quantities;
• lean meat and fish;
• vegetable oils.

Bread can be white, crackers are acceptable.

The need to follow a diet

A diet for colitis is an undoubted help to the patient and the key to successful treatment. It will help get rid of unpleasant symptoms, reduce inflammation and help improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Consequences of not following the diet

Failure to comply with dietary rules leads to more serious inflammatory processes in the intestines. There is a high risk of bleeding, peritonitis, and even cancer. Therefore, non-compliance with the diet and doctor’s recommendations can be dangerous even for the patient’s life.

Diet for ulcerative colitis

In the presence of ulcerative colitis, metabolic processes are disturbed, the amount of protein in the body decreases, and anemia appears. Depending on the stage of the disease, a diet is selected and most often this is table number 4. The first days will have to starve.

Under all circumstances, the calorie content of the diet should be reduced as much as possible, but without limiting the amount of protein.

The essence of the diet for chronic colitis

The danger of chronic colitis is that dystrophic changes begin on the mucous membrane. Gradually, in addition to the large intestine, the small intestine and parts of this organ are involved in the process. And all these inflammatory processes, as a rule, occur against the background of dysbiosis.

The basic principles of nutrition for this type of disease include:

• healthy eating after an exacerbation;
• during an exacerbation, table number 4 is assigned;
• provide the body with all the necessary nutrients;
• removal of the inflammatory process;
• elimination of putrefactive and fermentative processes;
• normalization of bowel function.

The energy of the menu is achieved by reducing the amount of carbohydrates and fats, while maintaining the required amount of protein foods.

Diet for chronic colitis with constipation

The main purpose of nutrition in this type of pathology is to stabilize the work of the stomach. Food should help restore peristalsis and remove feces, without any problems or delays.

You can eat:

• pearl barley, barley and buckwheat porridge;
• light fish and meat broths;
• boiled lean meat;
• steam fish dishes;
• boiled vegetables;
• soaked prunes and dried apricots;
• apples;
• peas and beans;
• fermented milk products, without any restrictions;
• fresh juices, decoctions and compotes;
• only homemade sweet dishes;
• you can have biscuits and bread.

Fatty meats, fried foods, coffee and tea, especially strong ones, seasonings, and chocolate remain banned.

Diet for chronic colitis with diarrhea

If diarrhea is present, the diet will be quite strict. The diet should contain many foods and dishes that have anchoring and astringent properties. Food should eliminate fermentation processes and be as gentle as possible for the stomach.

It is permissible to use soups, rice decoctions, lean meat, steam cutlets. Porridge can only be cooked in water. And juices must be diluted with water. It is permissible to use a little butter and kefir. Soaked crackers will do.

Soup with beans or peas is strictly prohibited. You can’t milk, sweet foods made in industrial conditions, legumes, spices, that is, all those foods that can provoke bloating or flatulence. Sugar can be no more than 40 g per day.

Diet for exacerbation of chronic colitis

During an exacerbation, all products will have to be ground. They can be cooked exclusively by steaming, baking or boiling. The vegetables are chopped very finely.

Usually, the selection of products is made on an individual basis, depending on the severity and duration of the disease.

Diet number 4 for chronic colitis

As a rule, if a patient is admitted to a hospital, doctors prescribe a diet number 4. Then he is transferred to table “B”, and even later to table “C”. After discharge, the patient is transferred to a less strict diet.

During an exacerbation, you can eat grated berries and fruits, but always without the peel. Stale bread is allowed, but not rye. It is best to eat puree soup. Juices are possible, but always diluted with water. It is permissible to eat fresh cheese, puddings, drink tea and rosehip broth.

Gradually, other foods are introduced into the diet. This is boiled meat, fish. You can already eat porridge, but always crumbly. Not grated vegetables are introduced.

Diet

In the first days after an exacerbation – a hunger strike, literally 2-3 days. Then you should eat 5-6 times throughout the day. After removing the symptoms, after about a month, they switch to standard food up to 4 times throughout the day.

Menu, diet for intestinal colitis

Colitis can last up to 1 month. Symptoms are relieved by medication and a special diet. Often, the manifestations of an exacerbation are rather blurred, for this reason, very often the disease quickly turns into a chronic pathology. In this case, adherence to the diet will already be required throughout life to prevent relapse.

Diet food is always prescribed individually, depending on the presence or absence of diarrhea, constipation, and other complications. The strictest diet lasts at least 14 days, with a further gradual expansion of the range of food products.

A sample menu can be composed of a number of dishes.

Breakfast after waking up:

• oatmeal, always on the water and wiped;
• or a steam omelet;
• or buckwheat porridge, necessarily brought to a crumbly state;
• grated low-fat cottage cheese;
• weak tea.

Lunch:

Dried blueberry decoction;

After removing the main symptoms, you can eat fruit, but preferably in the form of jelly or boiled;

Dinner:

• potato soup, you can even in broth, but not greasy and weak;
• meatballs, necessarily steam or boiled lean meat;
• rice porridge, no milk;
• jelly.

Afternoon snack:

• rosehip broth;
• crackers.

Dinner:

• stewed carrots;
• steam omelet, if it was not in the morning;
• or buckwheat porridge on the water;
• cheese pudding;
• tea.

Before going to bed, you can drink a glass of jelly. Mineral waters can be consumed only 6 months after the exacerbation has been relieved.

Colitis is an unpleasant and dangerous disease. In the presence of a chronic form, special attention is paid to dysbiosis. It is no secret that this disease in a large half of cases is accompanied by a violation of the normal intestinal microflora. To solve this problem, biologically active additives are used – probiotics. Follow the nutrition from your youth and no problems with the gastrointestinal tract will arise later. Try to avoid stress and give up bad habits.